IiNkqubo zokuGcina amandla ebhetri (BESS) ziguqula indlela esisebenzisa ngayo amandla, sinikezela ngobuninziof iinzuzo ezibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngobuchule, ukuncitshiswa kweendleko, ukomelela, ukugcinwa kobutyebi, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokusingqongileyo.
I-BESS iza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiiyunithi ezixineneyo zendlu ukuya kwiinkqubo ezinkulu zokubonelela ngezinto eziluncedo kunye namashishini kwihlabathi liphela.Ezi nkqubo, nangona kunjalo, ziyahluka ngokusekelwe kwi-electrochemistry okanye iteknoloji yebhetri abayisebenzisayo.Kweli nqaku, siza kugocagoca kwiintlobo zebhetri ze-BESS eziphambili kunye namathuba abawabonisayo kwizisombululo zokugcina amandla.
Iibhetri zeLithium-Ion (Li-Ion).
Ngokwengxelo ye-2020 ye-US Energy Information Administration (EIA), ngaphezu kwe-90% ye-Systems ye-Battery Energy Storage enkulu e-USA ixhomekeke kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion.Izibalo zehlabathi ziyayiphinda le ndlela.Olu hlobo lwebhetri etshajwayo lukho kuyo yonke indawo kwizithuthi zombane, izinto zombane zabathengi, kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo ezinjengee-smartphones, iilaptops, iitafile kunye neekhamera.Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zibandakanya iikhemistri ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka i-lithium cobalt oxide, i-lithium manganese oxide, i-lithium iron phosphate, kunye ne-lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC), phakathi kwabanye.
Izibonelelo zeebhetri ze-Li-ion zininzi, zibenza iteknoloji ehamba phambili yokugcina amandla.Ezi bhetri zikhaphukhaphu, zixinene, ziqhayisa ngomthamo ophezulu kunye noxinzelelo lwamandla, zifuna ukugcinwa okuncinci, kwaye zibonisa ubomi obude.Ngaphaya koko, babiza ngokukhawuleza kwaye banamaxabiso aphantsi okuzikhupha.Nangona kunjalo, iintsilelo zabo ziquka iindleko eziphezulu, ukutsha, kunye nokuziva kumaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo, ukutshaja ngokugqithiseleyo, kunye nokukhupha kakhulu.
Iibhetri zeLead-Acid (PbA).
Ibhetri ye-lead-acid imele enye yezona teknoloji zindala kunye nezona zixabisa kakhulu ibhetri ekhoyo.Bafumana ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kwiimoto, usetyenziso lwamashishini, kunye neenkqubo zokugcina amandla.Ngokucacileyo, ezi bhetri zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwakhona kwaye zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kuzo zombini iindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphantsi.I-valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) iibhetri, ukwahluka kwale mihla, zigqithisa iibhetri zazo zangaphambili ngokuphila okwandisiweyo, ukwanda kwamandla, kunye nokugcinwa lula.Nangona kunjalo, ukutshaja okucothayo, ubunzima obunzima, kunye noxinano lwamandla asezantsi yimida emikhulu yobu buchwepheshe.
Iibhetri zeNickel-Cadmium (Ni-Cd).
Iibhetri ze-Ni-Cd zazibalasele kwi-elektronikhi ezinxitywayo de kwafika iibhetri ze-Li-ion.Ezi bhetri zibonelela ngezinto eziguquguqukayo ngolungelelwaniso oluninzi, ukufikeleleka, ukukhululeka kothutho kunye nokugcinwa, kunye nokomelela kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.Nangona kunjalo, bashiyeka ngasemva kwabo bakhuphisana nabo kuxinaniso lwamandla, amaxabiso okuzikhupha, kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe.Iibhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH), ukwabelana nge-nickel oxide hydroxide (NiO (OH)) njengenxalenye ye-Ni-Cd iteknoloji, inikezela ngeempawu eziphezulu ezifana nokunyuka kwamandla kunye nobuninzi bamandla.
Iibhetri zeSodium-Sulfur (Na-S).
Iibhetri ze-sodium-sulfur zisebenzisa ityuwa etyhidiweyo, zibanika ubuchwepheshe obungabizi kakhulu.Ezi bhetri zigqwesa kumandla kunye nokuxinana kwamandla, ixesha elide, kunye nokusebenza okuzinzileyo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwazo kulinganiselwe ngenxa yemfuneko yobushushu bokusebenza okuphezulu (akukho ngaphantsi kwe-300 ℃) kunye nokuba sengozini yokubola.Isodium, icandelo elibalulekileyo, ibeka inkxalabo yokhuseleko njengoko ivutha kakhulu kwaye iyadubula.Ngaphandle kwale mingeni, iibhetri ze-sodium-sulfur zingqina ukuba zilungile kugcino lwamandla azimeleyo adityaniswe nemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo.
Iibhetri ezihambayo
Ukwahluka kwiibhetri eziqhelekileyo ezihlaziywayo ezigcina amandla kwizinto eziqinileyo ze-electrode, ukuhamba kweebhetri zendlu yamandla kwizisombululo ze-electrolyte ezingamanzi.Olona hlobo luxhaphakileyo yi-vanadium redox ibhetri (VRB), kunye nezinye iintlobo ezibandakanya i-zinc-bromine, i-zinc-iron, kunye ne-iron-chromium chemistries.Iibhetri ezihambayo zibonelela ngeseti ekhethekileyo yeenzuzo, kubandakanywa ubomi obude obukhethekileyo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30 iminyaka), i-scalability ephezulu, amaxesha okuphendula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nomngcipheko ophantsi womlilo ngenxa yee-electrolyte zabo ezingatshayo.Ezi mpawu zikhusele iibhetri ezijikelezayo isabelo esibalulekileyo semarike kwi-grid kunye ne-off-grid yokugcina amandla kwiinkqubo, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezinkulu.
Ngobu buchwepheshe bebhetri, imbonakalo yamandla iyaguquka, ibonelela ngezisombululo ezahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo kumashishini nakumacandelo.Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuvela, indima yeBattery Energy Storage Systems iya kuba ngundoqo ngakumbi ekubumbeni ikamva lethu lamandla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-28-2023